牡蒿質(zhì)膜Na+/H+逆向轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)蛋白AjSOS1耐鹽關(guān)鍵氨基酸位點(diǎn)的篩選方法
【技術(shù)領(lǐng)域】
[0001] 本發(fā)明屬于基因工程技術(shù)和生物技術(shù)領(lǐng)域,設(shè)及一種通過氨基酸定點(diǎn)突變和回補(bǔ) 酵母突變體篩選目的基因關(guān)鍵氨基酸位點(diǎn)的方法,具體設(shè)及包括有AjSOSl XrcSOSl、 CcSOSl和CmSOSl基因(統(tǒng)稱SOSls)的重組載體、酵母突變體的轉(zhuǎn)化、4個(gè)SOSls轉(zhuǎn)酵母細(xì)胞的 耐鹽性分析、AjSOSl定點(diǎn)突變的產(chǎn)生及AjSOSlmuts酵母轉(zhuǎn)化細(xì)胞化+轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)能力差異的比較 分析。
【背景技術(shù)】
[0002] ±壤鹽潰化是影響農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中作物產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的重要非生物脅迫之一。菊花是我 國十大傳統(tǒng)名花和世界四大切花之一,用途和栽培地域極廣,具很高的觀賞和經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值,在 現(xiàn)代花弁生產(chǎn)中占有十分重要的地位。然而切花菊設(shè)施栽培中±壤次生鹽潰化及我國大面 積鹽潰±是制約菊花生產(chǎn)與園林應(yīng)用的主要因子,菊花及其近緣種屬植物耐鹽機(jī)理研究及 耐鹽優(yōu)異基因挖掘是加快耐鹽菊花新品種培育的基礎(chǔ)。
[0003] 鋼離子是鹽±中的主要成分,植物中化+的過量積累會(huì)擾亂細(xì)胞內(nèi)的離子穩(wěn)態(tài),導(dǎo) 致KV化+比率降低,膜電位消散,同時(shí)引起滲透脅迫和次生二級(jí)脅迫如氧化脅迫等,導(dǎo)致代 謝酶活性和光合作用的減弱,從而使植物生長受到抑制,最終細(xì)胞死亡化asegawa等,2000; 化teja等,2007;Zhu等,2001)。因此,在鹽脅迫下,植物必須使細(xì)胞溶質(zhì)內(nèi)的化+濃度最小化 來抵御鹽脅迫(Tester等,2003)。為了避免化+在植株內(nèi)的積累,植物逐漸形成了3種策略: 1)限制化+從±中進(jìn)入植物根部;2)區(qū)域化化+進(jìn)入液泡;3)主動(dòng)將化+累出細(xì)胞質(zhì)(Apse等, 2007 ;Munns等,2008 ;Rajen化an等,2009)。多個(gè)離子轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體參與運(yùn)些過程,其中最為顯著的 代表是Na VH+反向轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體。迄今為止,研究最為清楚的兩類化Vr反向轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體為NHE/NHX和 MiaP/SOSl (hrdo等,2006; Tester等,2003)。質(zhì)膜型化Vh+逆向轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)蛋白SOSl是一個(gè)化+外 排蛋白,參與化+從細(xì)胞溶質(zhì)中的排出和木質(zhì)部長距離運(yùn)輸(Oh等,2009;Olias等,2009;化i 等,2000; Sii 等,2002)。
[0004] 擬南芥AtSOSl的克隆促進(jìn)了多個(gè)物種細(xì)胞質(zhì)膜Na VH+逆向轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)蛋白基因的分離和 研究。近年來已有很多關(guān)于不同植物來源SOSl基因功能特性的研究,其中酵母缺失化+轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn) 系統(tǒng)突變體中的異源表達(dá)已被成功用于鑒定和明確基因功能且是一種簡(jiǎn)單有效的了解植 物蛋白特性的方法(Gar Ci adebl 自S等,2007 ; Mar Unez-Atienza等,2007; Oh 等,2009; 如intero等,2002; Takahashi等,2009; hng等,2010; Xu等,2008)。在菊花極其近緣種屬植 物耐鹽性的評(píng)價(jià)及耐鹽機(jī)理研究方面,管志勇等(2010) W葉片形態(tài)為依據(jù)對(duì)菊花近緣種屬 32份種質(zhì)的耐鹽性進(jìn)行了鑒定,發(fā)現(xiàn)芙蓉菊、牡葛耐鹽性極強(qiáng);大島野路菊耐鹽性強(qiáng);栽培 菊花'神馬'對(duì)鹽脅迫敏感等具有不同耐鹽性的植物材料(管志勇等,2010)。但是目前關(guān)于 運(yùn)些植物材料的耐鹽性分子機(jī)理的研究報(bào)道相對(duì)較少。
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